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Prostitutes Braga reasons for these interesting patterns are to be found in Indonesian history, legal development, culture and systems of Prostitutes Braga. Two of the most powerful and lasting Javanese kingdoms were formed inwhen the kingdom of Mataram was divided into two: the Prostitutes Braga Surakarta and Kesultanan Yogyakarta.

Mataram was a Javanese-Islamic kingdom located in the southern hinterland of central Java. In this period the Javanese concept of authority of the king was described Moedjanto as a power that was agung-binatara grand and powerful.

The power of the kings of Mataram was indeed great. Prostitutes Braga were Prostitutes Braga described as the Prostitutes Braga of everything; not only the land and property, but also the lives of their subjects. In the case of women, this was an attribution which was often taken quite literally. Some of the selir were daughters of noblemen given to the king as a token of their loyalty; others were tributes from other kingdoms; and many were lower-class women sold or given over by their families to take minor positions in the royal household.

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Each of the Javanese courts drew selir from particular regions, which came to be noted for the production of beautiful and alluring women. Such regional reputations Prostitutes Braga survived in folklore to the present day. Koentjoro 3 identifies Prostitutes Braga Kabupaten Regencies in Java which contain communities famous in history as sources of women for the courts, and today noted as sources of urban prostitutes.

Gabus Wetan subdistrict Prostitutes Braga Indramayu is famed as a source area for modern prostitution, but the foundations of the practice seem to date back to the time when young women from the Prostitutes Braga were sent to the court of the Sultan of Cirebon.

From the point of view of physical strength, the taking of many selir meant a rapid reproduction of princely Prostitutes Braga and the proof of spiritual superiority. Only the king and nobles in the society had selir. In giving out his sisters or daughters to the regents or other high officials, the king was motivated by the same desire to marshal power as was reflected in his own acquisition of a great number of selir : that is, to strengthen his political support and to develop his grandeur and power.

While commoner men were permitted by the Moslem religion to take up to four wives, economics prevented most of them from polygamy while their social status prevented them from taking selir. In Bali a low-caste widow without strong family supports automatically became the property of the king.

Prostitution in Portugal is legal, but it is illegal for a third party to profit from, promote, encourage or facilitate the prostitution of another. Consequently, organized. Prostitution Brazil stock pictures and images. Phone numbers of Prostitutes in Braga, Braga. Archived from the original on 3 January Denis.

If he chose not to incorporate her into his household, she was sent to the countryside to operate as a prostitute. A share of her income was to be regularly returned to the king ENI Traditional systems of slavery and concubinage were adapted to the needs and mores of the European communities being established in port areas of Prostitutes Braga archipelago, with sexual gratification of soldiers, traders and emissaries becoming one of the priority issues in the clash of alien cultures.

On the one hand, large numbers of Prostitutes Braga men brought to Indonesia by the colonial businesses and governments produced a demand for domestic and sexual Prostitutes Braga, which Prostitutes Braga readily satisfied by families with Prostitutes Braga daughters and women seeking material benefit from the newcomers. On the other hand, both the native and the colonial communities perceived dangers in unregulated interracial liaisons.

Formal marriage was discouraged or forbidden, and interracial concubinage was frowned upon but accepted as a tacit necessity. In this context unstable and inequitable cohabitations and outright commercial relationships were options available to European men, and tolerated by their leaders. The legal framework established at that time remains basically intact to the present day. The vocabulary is different, but shares some quaint characteristics with contemporary argot.

If such a woman was found to have a disease she was required to cease her practice Prostitutes Braga, and be isolated in an Prostitutes Braga inrigting voor zieke publieke vrouwen established for the care and treatment of infected women. To aid the police in the management of the sex industry, prostitutes were encouraged to operate in brothels, as much as possible.

Unfortunately, the wording of the law confused many in the government and the sex industry, and in a further clarification was issued to say that the act should not be interpreted as having legitimised Prostitutes Braga as commercial institutions. Venereal disease was among the most serious of the consequences worrying regional governments, but the shortage of physicians, and the inefficacy of treatment options, made attempts to prevent the spread of disease Prostitutes Braga impossible ENOI Each Residency was required to establish its own detailed regulations to control prostitution.

In Surabaya at least, the resident Prostitutes Braga three brothel kampung hamlets Prostitutes Braga villages in an effort to keep venereal disease under control, and prostitutes were not permitted to operate anywhere else. All prostitutes in these kampung were registered and medical checks carried out Ingleson Medical officers of the third rank were to visit Prostitutes Braga public women every Saturday morning, after city rounds, while officers Prostitutes Braga the second rank were responsible for management of the institutions for sick public women.

The expansion of plantations, especially in West Java, the growth of the sugar industry in East and Central Java, the establishment of plantations in Sumatra and the building of roads and railways involved considerable migrations of male labourers, some of them itinerant.

This created a demand for Prostitutes Braga services of Prostitutes Braga. During the construction of the railway linking the Javanese cities of Batavia, Bogor, Cianjur, Bandung, Cilacap, Yogyakarta and Surabaya innot only did prostitution flourish to serve the construction workers, but also, at each major town served by the railway, the arrival of rail passengers increased the demand for board and lodging and also for Prostitutes Braga services.

Brothel complexes sprang up close to the railway stations in every city. For example, in Bandung, prostitution complexes were developed in several locations close to the station, including Kebon Jeruk, Kebon Tangkil, Sukamanah and Saritem; in Yogyakarta prostitution complexes were established in the area of Pasar Kembang, Mbalokan and Sosrowijayan. In Surabaya, the Prostitutes Braga red-light district was near the Semut station and near the harbour in the area of Kremil, Tandes, and Bangunsari.

Most of these prostitution complexes operate today, even though the role of the railway in mass transport has declined, and the location of hotels in these cities has changed substantially. As the second city of Prostitutes Braga, and the Prostitutes Braga focus of trade routes in Eastern Indonesia, Surabaya developed during Dutch colonial times as a major port city, naval base, garrison and railway terminus KuntoDick It was notorious in the 19th century for extensive prostitution.

Freighters and naval ships entering the outer harbour were quickly surrounded by a flotilla of prahu filled with local prostitutes touting for customers. Until the midth century prostitutes were allowed Prostitutes Braga board naval Prostitutes Braga, in the belief that it was better to keep sailors under some sort of supervision Prostitutes Braga to let them loose on the town.

Ingleson The women had to remain in the cafes until the early hours of the morning, but afterwards could accompany customers home. The smarter cafes gave preference to non-Javanese women, particularly those from Manado, and the more expensive nightclubs featured Eurasian women Hesselink In the second category, Prostitutes Braga street prostitutes were a group often harassed by police.

They were often accompanied by a pimp responsible for propositioning potential customers. Most prostitutes lived and worked in kampung along the Banyu Urip canal. In the third category were brothels run by Chinese for Chinese customers, featuring very young Chinese women. Non-Chinese visitors were admitted only on the introduction of a Chinese customer. There was a high proportion of single males among the civilian and military Dutch population.

Half the European men were living with local concubines up tilland thereafter the decline in acceptability of Prostitutes Braga appeared to lead to greater recourse to prostitutes Ingleson As for the Indonesian population of the towns, as many as 40 per cent of the urban workforce in the last decades of colonial rule were circular migrants most of whom were men ibid.

Prostitution thrived in this setting. Labourers in this new cash economy usually visited surrounding villages in search of sexual gratification, and in this way young village girls were drawn into prostitution. The situation was little different in Prostitutes Braga case of the Dutch Prostitutes Braga and managers. One result was Prostitutes Braga in the areas south of Bandung, and in Subang, Garut, Sukabumi and Southern Cianjur, the location of the estates, many people have the physical characteristics of Europeans, due to the sexual liaisons between Dutch men and native women a century ago Kunto The sex industry Prostitutes Braga Bandung and other larger towns in West Java derived much business—albeit at different levels—from estate managers and supervisory staff seeking entertainment Prostitutes Braga weekends, and from estate workers spending their pay and spare time in search of companionship.

Haga summarised the medical challenges in three basic points: first, few of the operating prostitutes were registered, thus they were not Prostitutes Braga second, even if they were registered there were not enough physicians and facilities to process the large numbers of sex workers on a weekly basis; so third, the government must be called upon to expand resources Prostitutes Braga examinations, and institute more rational priorities for detection Prostitutes Braga treatment of dangerous infectious diseases.

In that pre-antibiotic age Haga dismissed the need to diagnose most sexually transmitted diseases because the prognosis for cure was so poor. Instead, he called on resources to treat syphilis, and suggested that information on other diseases be printed in the small booklet chart which each public woman was required by law to carry.

Though it was far from satisfactory either with regard to the Prostitutes Braga rights of prostitutes or in controlling venereal diseases, it Prostitutes Braga at least better than the situation faced by colonial authorities in cities such as Singapore and Indian cities by the late s.

Closing of the semi-official brothel areas in these cities Prostitutes Braga brothels underground and weakened health surveillance, leading to serious spread of venereal disease, especially in Singapore with its highly unbalanced sex ratio Warren chapters ; Raj This clearly referred to pimps and procurers, but provided no guidance as to how such charges could be proved or enforced.

For a time, the police could not investigate brothels without the permission of the local government leader ENOI While no reliable data were available then, or over the next two decades, the conventional wisdom concluded that the numbers of prostitutes were growing rapidly as the cities expanded, and new industrial enterprises attracted clusters of young workers from villages.

A small example of the moralistic and Prostitutes Braga attitudes is contained in a newspaper article published toward the end of the colonial period by a senior indigenous government official in Prostitutes Braga Sudibyo In addition to reviewing frightening data on the rates of venereal disease, and the terrible consequences faced by those infected, Sudibyo commented that one of the great dangers to society arose from the growing practice of late marriage which led males to take up with prostitutes.

The practice, he argued, was particularly common among the intellectual classes that were seen not only to postpone their marriages, but also to live with women who were either active prostitutes, or part-time prostitutes.

This Prostitutes Braga that the reproduction of the intellectual classes was both delayed through delayed marriage and threatened by the spread of venereal diseases. In contrast the lower classes continued to reproduce at a fast rate, unimpeded by these factors.

In the PERTI Congress in Bukittinggi, representing national Muslim opinions considered and passed a motion calling for more effective civil laws to deal with the problems of prostitution, and particularly to pay greater attention to attacking the alleged increasing practice of prostitution as an important means of controlling venereal disease. In presenting one of the main speeches to the plenary of 2, representatives crammed into the local cinema, Dr Rasjidin detailed the terrible consequences of Prostitutes Braga, gonorrhoea and the mental illnesses which he claimed to be an intrinsic aspect of the commercial sex industry In looking for the cause of such a terrible turn of affairs, he pointed to the deleterious effects of westernisation, and particularly the practice of young members of the Indonesian intelligentsia to travel the world, partaking of forbidden pleasures and bringing sickness home as their souvenir, which they then share with their friends and family in Indonesia.

However, this widely accepted stereotype Prostitutes Braga with a biased vision of the problem. It concentrated on the danger to the males, and painted a picture of women as being evil, though vaguely depicted and likely distant from Indonesian society. With little thought given to the reasons women entered the industry, or the dangers Prostitutes Braga might encounter there, the range of proposed legal remedies seemed remarkably narrow and largely misguided.

Women who were already working as prostitutes were rounded up and, after health checks, some were allocated to brothels to serve Prostitutes Braga Japanese soldiers while others continued to operate as before. There Sukarno recounts how he approached religious leaders in Bukittinggi to ask how to deal with the Japanese demands for sexual services. He goes on to describe the system:. I gathered [prostitutes] into a segregated district and penned them in a camp surrounded by high fences.

Each man [Japanese soldier] was handed a card permitting him one visit per week. At each visit his card was punched. But this was a serious difficulty which could have created terrible unhappiness, so I healed it the best way I knew how.

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Everybody was very happy with the plan. The Japanese offered many Indonesian Prostitutes Braga a good education and better life in Tokyo or in large Indonesian cities. Some candidates came from higher levels of society but many were from poor families. These adolescents and schoolgirls Prostitutes Braga deceived or forced into prostitution. The girls were brought from inland towns and villages, assembled in the harbour areas of Semarang Semarang Club, Shoko Club, Hinomura, and FutabasoSurabaya Bangunrejo and surrounding area and Batavia Tanjung Priok and were told to be ready to go abroad.

In reality these girls never departed from the camps, Prostitutes Braga were instead forced Prostitutes Braga serve the Japanese soldiers and officers. They became virtual sex slaves, forbidden to leave the brothels and with little hope of escape Tempo Similar events occurred in Solo, where more Prostitutes Braga 50 adolescent girls, mostly brought to Solo from other areas, were forced to become prostitutes Buana Minggu 26 July Others were pressed by their parents to work in this way for the Japanese, in the hope of gaining some advantage.

In the former, only a married person can commit adultery, because the purpose of the law was to support monogamous relationships rather than to pass judgments on premarital sexual behaviour.

While not slaves like the women in Prostitutes Braga camps, many of the women in the brothels were forced to work as prostitutes because they had no alternative means of survival, and because their activities were encouraged by the occupying forces.

From eight in the evening until morning, they were scheduled for higher-level officers who paid between one and five dollars. Usually, one imported woman worker in the sex industry was able to serve five to ten men per day Tempo By contrast, their memories of wartime occupation were bitter, and they accused the Japanese soldiers and officers of being both very rude and stingy.

The s Prostitutes Braga characterised by underemployment and poverty. Generally, households in rural areas Prostitutes Braga on multiple sources of income. Household survival strategies in rural areas, especially among the poorest groups, usually involved having members working outside the agriculture sector, at least on a part-time basis. Non-agricultural work was also very Prostitutes Braga among middle level households, to improve their social Prostitutes Braga and take advantage of Prostitutes Braga opportunities.

Because of the limited Prostitutes Braga opportunities and keen Prostitutes Braga in rural areas, many young women from poorer households migrated to the nearest cities or towns. The social values of these migrants tended to change once they arrived in the cities. Village social values favouring community solidarity and in some cases dominated by religious beliefs were often replaced by more individualistic values.

First, the economy of commercial firms where trading and industrial activities are carried out in a relatively impersonal way, with a range of specialised jobs relating to the production and distribution of goods and services. Second, the bazaar economy which consists of a wide variety of activities governed by institutionally specific customs and managed by groups of traders in tight competition, who Prostitutes Braga with each other through ad hoc transactions.

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Over Prostitutes Braga colonial period, commercialised sex Prostitutes Braga other forms of commerce, and developed as a branch of the urban economy, reflecting dualistic structures represented by firms and bazaars.

These organisational forms shaped the commercialisation of sexual relations in bazaar-like areas such as Jalan Braga, in the centre of Bandung, and the Matraman-Salemba area of Jakarta, in contrast to the more formally organised sex trade in brothels.

Pimps say that a major advantage of working in the lokalisasi is that the atmosphere is safe and they do not suffer threats or the exaction of heavy random payments from authorities as they would if operating in the general community.

Similar contrasts were found as workers left depressed estate complexes in North Sumatra Kuntoto pursue new lives in either the streets or the bawdy-houses of Prostitutes Braga. At the same time Prostitutes Braga migrants participated in circular flows, Prostitutes Braga periods in the city before returning to their permanent base in the villages. The increasing number of women migrants in the big Prostitutes Braga led to increasing competition among women workers, and between women and men workers.

As most female migrants were young and inexperienced, with low educational attainment Prostitutes Braga limited skills, their Prostitutes Braga were restricted to low-status occupations with low remuneration. The most common activities for these women workers were in the informal sector—as traders, unpaid family workers, or domestic labour; others became prostitutes.

There Prostitutes Braga been considerable displacement of Prostitutes Braga from agricultural activities although perhaps not as much as often argued: see Manning [] : many of them have moved to cities in search of work.

Jobs have opened for women in manufacturing, clerical activities, sales, hotels and restaurants, and domestic service. However, wages in many of these activities have been very low, and the possibility of earning five or ten times as much in the sex industry is very tempting. The relative anonymity and freedom from familial and village Prostitutes Braga while in the city facilitates entry into prostitution.

Mobile populations have more motivations and opportunities for infidelity, and the concentration of stalls where sex can be purchased near railway stations and roadside rest-stops for long-distance truck drivers is testimony to the demand from these sources.

A survey of truck drivers on the Surabaya-Denpasar route found that 68 per cent paid for sex at rest-stops Suarmiartha et al. Concentrations of sex workers are also found near military bases, timber and mining camps, and universities. Today, too, there is no law in Indonesia that prohibiting the sale of sexual services Prostitutes Braga such. The criminal law prohibited those who help and facilitate illegal sexual activities as defined in articlesand of the Criminal Code KUHP—Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana of and subsequent amendments.

The KUHP also prohibits the trading of women and under-age boys. The relevant articles of Prostitutes Braga KUHP are as follows:. Article Those whose actions or attitudes intentionally lead to or Prostitutes Braga illegal sexual activities with other people will be given a penalty of one year and four months imprisonment or a fine of Rp. Article Trade in women or in under-age males will incur a maximum penalty of six years Prostitutes Braga.

In other articles of the KUHP under-aged females are defined as being less than 15 years of age, and for other purposes the legal age is given as 17 or 18 years of age.

Prostitution per se is not an illegal activity under the KUHP. In the case of the Jakarta pimp noted above, the police had received a complaint from a woman who had escaped from his brothel by evading the security guards and climbing out a window, but while this resulted in one of the brothels being closed, there was no prosecution of the pimp or the brothel security staff under this provision Sinar Articles specify a number of conditions under which zinah adultery is made illegal, and punishable by up to nine Prostitutes Braga in prison.

In the criminal code the charge of zinah Prostitutes Braga only be made against a married person. Two elements make prosecution of cases of adultery difficult in relation to prostitution. First, it would have to be established that the prostitute knew that the client was married.

This would be difficult to prove in a court of law, even with third parties as witnesses. While these generally are not open to prosecution in state courts, they do shape community norms and attitudes, and modify the way civil laws are carried out in practice. In the former, only a Prostitutes Braga person Prostitutes Braga commit adultery, because the purpose of the law was to support monogamous relationships rather than to pass judgments on premarital sexual behaviour.

In Islamic law all sexual relations outside of a marital union are regarded as adulterous. This means that a polygamous man is not committing adultery by having sexual relations with more than one legal wife, but both men and women can only have sexual relations Prostitutes Braga their legal spouse. This interpretation carries interesting implications for divorce law, which is normally heavily influenced by religious law.

Since prohibitions of the direct commercial sale of sexual services did not exist in national law, the regulation of the industry tended to be based on provincial and subdistrict government regulations and the actions and pressures of various religious and social groups in support of or in opposition to the industry. The local government regulations see appendix varied from region to region. In most regions such rehabilitation programs take one year.

The legal basis for their incarceration Prostitutes Braga the public-order provision of the law rather than a specific prohibition of sale of sexual services. The local government rehabilitation centres are often under-funded, and at times are essentially extensions of the lokalisasi system of Prostitutes Braga brothels. The central Prostitutes Braga Department of Social Affairs also runs 22 rehabilitation centres nationwide.

Their structure and function are described in a later section. A majority of Indonesian politicians consider the subject taboo and Prostitutes Braga avoid public discussion of the issue. At the bureaucratic level the Prostitutes Braga of Social Affairs has established a Directorate of Social Rehabilitation Rehabilitasi Tuna Sosial with a sub-directorate responsible for planning and implementing the rehabilitation of prostitutes.

This sub-directorate is financed by the central government budget and is specifically charged with the task Prostitutes Braga dealing with the Prostitutes Braga of prostitution as one of a constellation Prostitutes Braga social problems tackled by the Ministry including street-begging, physical and mental handicap, and criminal rehabilitation. After all, it is at the local level of administration that officials deal with Prostitutes Braga daily reality of prostitution. Existing regulations such as prohibition of soliciting, migration regulations, and the requirement for citizens to Prostitutes Braga changes of residence to local administration can be and are all used to control prostitutes.

These local regulations can be considered a de facto reflection of the unstated central government policy. The pressure on streetwalkers thus drives lower-class women workers into brothel complexes, where they are controlled by pimps, procurers and the local government and police, but generally tolerated by the society.

Though set against the background of government promotion of brothels in the last century and during the Second World War occupation by the Japanese, the modern lokalisasi were formed in the early s as one element of promoting social discipline and control. In such complexes, a large number of brothels wear clustered together along one or a few streets and control over order and security was maintained by an integrated group of local government and military authorities.

The Prostitutes Braga complexes were under the auspices of the dinas sosialthe municipal social welfare office, while unofficial complexes often spring up were established with the tacit approval of local officials, but no formal link to the rehabilitation efforts of the social welfare officers. Lokalisasi catered to an almost exclusively Indonesian clientele, who tended to be poor to middle-class in their background. It was thought that by centralising prostitution in one small area, the city would prevent commercial sex activities from being transacted in Prostitutes Braga streets, residential areas or Prostitutes Braga the Prostitutes Braga hotel and tourist areas of the town.

Directed by Lou Antonio. With Sônia Braga, Richard Dillard, David Kaufman, Dennis Letts. When a pair of teenage boys break away from their summer camp to. Guimarães - WikiSexGuide - International World Sex Guide Prostitutes Guimaraes. Where find a sluts in Braga (PT). Reviews 1, These persist in Prostitutes.

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First	City	State	Code	Whores	Girls	Speed dating
Prostitutes Braga	Braga	Braga	PT	6781	no	no
11.08.2004	48	23	IRDV	55	97	IRDV
08.07.2012	21	no	IRDV	78	IRDV	IRDV

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